The research described on this page was carried out at the primary research site in Hampton, VA 23666 which was closed August 25 - 28 of 2025 due to the lack of funds.
1. Introduction
2. Operation of DPTOAVS in extreme temperatures
3. Variations in DPTOAVS implementation
4. mixed-DPTOAVS air intake elevation tests
5. PSS air evacuation channels
6. AdReS matter entry through the PSS air intake in direct-DPTOAVS
7. Additional comments
8. Conclusions
The Distributed Pass Through Outside Air Ventilation System (DPTOAVS) was implemented in an attempt to reduce the severity of the ARS exposure inside of the Pavilion Sleeping Station (PSS). The idea behind the DPTOAVS system was to constantly displace the air inside of the PSS with new batches of fresh outside air in a manner which would allow selective instigation and evacuation points to battle the onset of ARS matter related phenomena perceived by the Affected Person as being induced in the surrounding air. A later modified implementation of DPTOAVS uses outside air pre-mixing into a temperature controlled room with subsequent instigation of the pre-mixed air into the PSS. The creation of DPTOAVS was inspired by the first slide in this news story about Evan Neumann.
The original implementation of DPTOAVS contained a single Bissell air400 air purifier unit used to instigate outside air into the sleeping station through an air duct leading to a window (as can be seen in Fig. 1). The second Bissell air400 was introduced later in an attempt to battle the stuffiness and hotness of air inside of the PSS attributed to the induced ARS effects inside of the sleeping station.
The resulting initial variant of DPTOAVS based on two Bissell air400 air purifier units used for instigating and evacuating air to and from the PSS respectively is shown in Fig. 1 through 4. The instigation Bissell air400 unit (visible on the left behind the lamp in Fig. 3) is currently located inside of the PSS and currently has 1 input duct. The evacuation unit currently located outside of the PSS is connected to 3 air evacuation ducts. The number of the instigation and evacuation ducts may be modified as needed. Bissell air400 is believed to be capable of accommodating several air ducts, 4 inch air ducts currently being used. The DPTOAVS currently contains 1 air intake duct and 3 evacuation ducts. The installation of the DPTOAVS air intake duct shown in Fig. 1 was facilitated by a relatively large shrub outside the window adjacent to the PSS shown in Fig. 2 restricting outside access to the window.
Fig. 1 – The air intake duct of the PSS routing air from outside of the window to the PSS, Fig. 2 – Shrub growing outside of the Hampton, VA 23666 research site apartment bedroom window containing the PSS air intake duct, Fig. 3 – Two air output ducts inside of the PSS, Fig. 4 – The second Bissell air400 unit used to evacuate air from the PSS.
The operation of the The Distributed Pass Through Outside Air Ventilation System (DPTOAVS) by forcing outside air directly into the sleeping station under extreme outside temperatures is not realistic. A window air intake fan and/or an Air Conditioning unit which allows an intermixing of outside air with the inside air is needed when the outside temperatures are too extreme to intake the outside air in directly.
Previous observations suggest that the effectiveness of the DPTOAVS system is higher for lower outside temperatures and reduces when the outside temperatures are approaching or exceeding the inside apartment temperature which could be due to lower intermixing of air inside the station and/or more intense thermodynamic processes inside of the PSS.
The variations of the DPTOAVS setup can be split up by the origin of the air which is supplied into the sleeping station and the location to which the air evacuated from the sleeping station is routed to. These variations in the DPTOAVS setup are summarized in Table 1.
The configurations including direct intake of the outside air into the PSS are referred to as direct-DPTOAVS. An example of a direct-DPTOAVS duct connected to a window is presented in Fig. 1 and later in Fig. 16
To take into account increased outside air temperatures, a later implementation of DPTOAVS as outlined further on this page included a modification where the air evacuation unit shown in Fig. 4 was disconnected from the output ducts and used to instigate air directly into the room from the window duct (as can be seen in Fig. 10), and the PSS input duct was positioned inside of the room to intake the inside air containing pre-mixed outside air. This alternative configuration is illustrated in Fig. 10 though 15 in reference to the elevation tests of the PSS air intake duct described later in Section 4. This configuration is referred to as mixed-DPTOAVS.
| Evacuation | ||||
| Instigation (air intake) | BLAR | Into the room | To outside of the window | |
| Outside air directly into the sleeping station | direct-DPTOAVS-BLAR | direct-DPTOAVS-room | direct-DPTOAVS-outside | |
| Outside air directly into the room, into the sleeping station from the room |
mixed-DPTOAVS-BLAR | mixed-DPTOAVS-room | mixed-DPTOAVS-outside | |
| Air from an HVAC output vent into sleeping station, (may also include outside air intake) |
hvac-DPTOAVS-BLAR a.k.a. IL-HVAC-R |
hvac-DPTOAVS-room | hvac-DPTOAVS-outside |
The air evacuated from a sleeping station may be evacuated using the Bottom Layer Air Recirculation (BLAR) system, released inside of the room, or dumped outside of the window/building. Originally the mixed-DPTOAVS-BLAR on the evacuation channel was the recommended approach for air-conditioned rooms but was found to be inadequate after a week or two of use as the ARS effects felt inside of the PSS went up to a level comparable to the one felt before or higher (including the feeling of suffocation, the stuffy heat cloud and many other ARS types).
As such, the hvac-DPTOAVS-BLAR (also supplemented with a fresh air intake from the outside, though probably is not a requirement) was evaluated instead and was found to be working in that even though many ARS types were felt inside of the PSS while using hvac-DPTOAVS-BLAR they felt subdued, less effective and did not appear to have the same body binding capability. The use of the BLAR approach is currently considered a preferred approach when the outside temperature is extreme enough for the HVAC units to be activated frequently enough for the BLAR to be effective.
The illustration of the air intake side of the hvac-DPTOAVS-BLAR is presented in Fig. 5 though 7. This configuration represents an installation of the sleeping station in-line with the HVAC system and as such could also be referred to as "in-line HVAC recirculation" (IL-HVAC-R). The IL-HVAC-R approach has some drawbacks (and as such is being succeeded by the AlCP-DPTOAVS-BLAR) but it has demonstrated the capability to subdue the ARS effects to some of the lowest levels compared to other approaches tested to date. The IL-HVAC-R has not been tested long enough yet though to establish its long term effectiveness. The drawbacks of IL-HVAC-R are that it caused the air inside of the sleeping station to have an A/C smell, and that the Affected Person developed perspiration around the neck and shoulders area (which is probably an indication that the ARS administration was not very effective), and experienced a light burning perception on the hands inside of the PSS equipped with IL-HVAC-R.
To achieve a more distributed air flow structure inside of the PSS the use fans on both the intake and evacuation Bissell air400 units with multiple ducts similar to the ones shown in Fig. 3 is preferred. However the use of active (fan assisted) air evacuation channels like the ones shown in Fig. 3 and 4 is currently not practical due to the PSS not being air-tight enough. As such, attempts to evacuate air from the PSS may result in air intake at unpredictable elevations/points potentially leading to ARS-contaminated air being able to enter the PSS until after the air-tightness of a sleeping station is improved.
A lot of times a formation of a hot plume of an unknown medium is felt in the PSS. It is not clear if it is introduced though the suction pots of DPTOAVS or remotely due to the inadequate shielding of the PSS. Currently the only way to remedy this situation is to enable the suction ports of the PSS to constantly evacuate the hot plume cloud from the PSS. As such despite the fear of sucking the surrounding air into the PSS which could potentially be contaminated with ARS matter, the suction ports have to be enabled since letting the ARS matter penetrate into the lungs could result in a severe ARS contamination of the body. On one latest occasion the use of the suction channel did not result in a worsened experience even after shutting of the air intake (instigation) channel fan. More tests are needed to establish scenarios where either air "instigation" or "evacuation" channel, or both channels need to be used.
Fig. 5 – hvac-DPTOAVS air intake duct and an outside air intake duct,
Fig. 6 – a close-up view of the hvac-DPTOAVS air intake duct positioned at the input of one HVAC output grid (the Hampton research site has 9 feet ceilings),
Fig. 7 – the Bissel air400 used to instigate air from outside attached to the corresponding outside air intake duct.
The Hampton VA, 23666 research site apartment has 9 (nine) feet ceilings.
After the mixed-DPTOAVS was implemented the air intake leading to the PSS was first placed on the floor (similar to the configuration shown in Fig. 10) which resulted in rather strong ARS effects being felt inside of the PSS by the AP including waking up feeling pain in one foot almost making the AP limp. The intake was then elevated as shown in Fig. 11 which once again resulted in rather harsh ARS effects inside of the PSS. The air intake was then lifted to an even higher altitude as shown in Fig. 12. This time the configuration in Fig. 12 demonstrated a significant reduction in the intensity of the ARS effects inside of the PSS. The next test included the elevation of the intake to directly under the top roof layer as shown in Fig. 13 which demonstrated an increase of the ARS effects inside of the PSS though not to the same level as that previously observed when being placed on the floor or at lower elevation shown in Fig. 11. The next test included lowering the intake as shown in Fig. 14 to an elevation between the levels of Fig. 12 and 13 which again showed a reduced ARS exposure similar to the one corresponding to the elevation of Fig. 12.
The reduced ARS exposure observed during the elevation tests of Fig. 12 and 14 did however include some residual perception of some electrification at the bed surface capable (as it seemed to the AP) of penetrating the tissue but with a lower level of discomfort. Pretty intense uncomfortable electrified vibrations were felt too on a different day but with a lower level of induced discomfort and are believed to be due to inferior shielding which was confirmed by switching the Bissell air400 unit off. During the test of Fig. 14 the build-in Bissell air400 particle detector of the inside of the PSS showed an increase in the reading from 2 to 7 which in the past tests was observed to be correlated to when the ARS related discomfort increased for some configurations
The elevation tests suggest that the air intake of the PSS must be installed at a higher elevation to achieve a reduction in the ARS effects induced inside of the PSS and confirms that the ARS matter may indeed be deposited into the sleeping station through an air intake duct. These findings also support previous observations suggesting that the ARS administration to a human body includes a layered approach where a "submersion" of the feet into the ARS medium closer to the ground is used in some way in combination with affecting the upper body regions (including the head and the neck) for the deposition of ARS matter into the body. Since the ARS matter has been observed to exhibit electrification feeling, the ARS administration process may include (in a simplified representation) treating of the human body as a conductor (feet to head) by means of a capability of applying spatially distributed electrodes (i.e. as layers with different electrical etc. properties) differently to different body regions. These conclusions led to the development of a new passive anti-ARS protection technique called Bottom Layer Air Recirculation (BLAR) which is undergoing tests and appears to be effective.
It should also be pointed out that during one of the observations of Fig. 12, 14 or 15 (it was not recorded which one) the remote sensing pulse appeared to occupy a large space around the affected person instead of being concentrated in smaller volumes.
These findings suggest that the air intake duct input needs to be elevated to a higher elevation (to be exactly established layer) to reduce the exposure to the ARS effects inside of the sleeping station.
The output air intake ducts (see Fig. 3 for example) were introduced into PSS because it was noticed that the air circulation went down and its stuffiness level went up with increasing temperatures and hotter air coming from outside. Further experiments after the introduction of the air evacuation unit demonstrated the capability to reduce the intensity of ARS effects by placing the evacuation duct inputs in the vicinity of points where the ARS phenomena where felt being present. Placing the air evacuation ducts under and above the sleeping area was found effective in reducing the ARS effects on various occasions depending on where the ARS effects were felt to originate from. The introduction of the air evacuation channels did not however deliver the same level of fresh air perception as when the outside temperatures were low (i.e. ~ 32 - 45 °F). Possible attempts to remedy this difficulty may be by introducing ducts to the air instigation Bissell air400 unit, and/or raising the sleeping area to a higher elevation inside of the PSS. This observation suggests that the ARS phenomena should also obey at least some Laws of Thermodynamics. It should also be pointed out that the use of the air evacuation ducts (especially the under the sleeping surface placement) may have become less useful ever since the floor of the PSS was shielded (see the pss shielding page for details).
It is currently assumed that there is a capability of introducing the ARS matter into the PSS from outside of the window (in the direct-DPTOAVS configuration). The comments in this section are in reference to the direct-DPTOAVS configuration (including the air evacuation channel) similar to that shown in Fig. 1 though 4.
As the shielding of the PSS was being improved it appeared that one of the ways of introducing the ARS matter into the sleeping station was through the window air intake duct by some unknown means, or by sucking out the air surrounding the PSS inside of it when the air flow of the output Bissell air400 exceeded the air intake rate of the Biseell air400 used for air instigation inside of the PSS (for a room with no outside air ventilation in place). These observations supported the assumption that the ARS phenomena includes the capability to remotely instigate/create ARS matter at desired points of space including, for example, at the input of the outside air intake duct, or outside of the PSS. The perception of the ARS matter activity at the sleeping surface level thought to be associated with the ARS matter intake through the input duct of DPTOAVS was felt as having a highly turbulent distributed gaseous or liquid substance of low viscosity wiggling around the body accompanied by an onset of several standard ARS effect types such as the vibrating cloud, implantation, and the feet wrap.
Later observations after the air-tight shielding of the floor with aluminum foil was performed lead to a different conclusion that the increase in ARS matter activity inside of the PSS was due to either (1) the air flow of the output Bissell air400 exceeding the air intake rate of the Biseell air400 used for air instigation inside of the PSS, and/or (2) the lack of air-tight shielding of the floor and dome structures. As such the air evacuation rate of the output channel has to be the same or lower than the air intake rate of the instigation channel of the PSS. Since the "creation" of ARS matter inside of the PSS is limited due to the shielding in place, one of the ways the ARS matter contaminated air can enter the PSS is through the suction of the air surrounding the PSS inside of the PSS and should be avoided as much as possible.
The original assumption that the ARS matter may also being introduced into the PSS through the outside air intake duct is not currently conclusively confirmed. The most recent observations indicate and increase of perceived ARS exposure inside of the sleeping station which acts as if there was an air leak from outside of the sleeping station (accompanied by a locally induced remote sensing pulse, pulsed injection, implantation, localized vibrating cloud ARS types). It is not known if this increase is related to a capability to introduce the ARS matter through the outside air intake channel or a shielding problem. It was also noticed on at least one occasion that the air inside of the PSS felt to have a salinity in it resembling the taste felt in the saliva and on the lips by the AP sometimes. Further observations are required. Regardless of whether the ARS matter can be induced at the air intake duct or not, the severity of the ARS exposure was noticed to be more moderate compared to when other DPTOAVS configurations not involving direct intake of air from outside were tested.
It was noticed that what appears to be fumes from the bathroom exhaust vents are occasionally able to enter the DPTOAVS outside air intake duct at its current location. As such the removal/relocation of the air intake duct from the window shown in Fig. 2 was being considered. Evaluation of possible alternatives resulted in the conclusion that the use of fresh air instigated directly from outside is the most effective mode of operation (vs. outside/indoor mixed air) and that due to the limited options available the current window location is optimum for the outside air intake installation. The air intake was lifted up however to a higher elevation preferably while still being covered by the outside foliage as shown in Fig. 16.
The intake duct of the DPTOAVS shown in Fig. 16 does not include a cover of the bottom window section. It is believed that a previous increase in the intensity of the ARS effects inside of the PSS could have been partially attributed to the lack of a separator between the inside and outside of the apartment which supposedly allowed a propagation of the ARS contaminated air from inside of the apartment to be sucked into the intake duct of the DPTOAVS shown in Fig. 16. As such the location in the vicinity of the DPTOAVS air intake duct has to be well isolated from the air inside of the apartment.
The most recent floor shielding activities include an implementation of a complete aluminum foil (air tight) coverage of the floor (work in progress shown in Fig. 17) which proved to be very effective in the reduction of the perceived ARS effects. As such the improvement suggests that the ARS effects previously being attributed to the ARS matter penetrating into the sleeping station through the air intake duct may have been overestimated and could have been related to the "lift up deposition" of the ARS matter from the floor up into the PSS due to inadequate shielding of the floor surface.
Fig. 16 – The outside air intake duct kept at the old location but lifted up to a higher elevation, Fig. 17 – Work in progress floor aluminum foil shielding also showing the 3 output air intake duct ports.
One method which appeared to have demonstrated some effectiveness in the reduction in the severity of ARS matter effects inside of the PSS (if the air is instigated from inside of the room containing the PSS) is through the installation of filters into the air intake Bissell air400. The use of filters was not implemented from the start due to the insufficient length of the outside air intake duct creating a possibility of water condensation upon the entry of the cold air inside of the apartment and subsequently the Bissell air400, and due to the insufficient throughput of a single air intake duct currently in use.
Later experiments suggests avoiding straight air ducts leading to/from the sleeping station to reduce the potential capability of the remote sensing pulse to penetrate inside of the PSS (if initiated outside of the PSS).
The power consumption of the Bissell air400 in the "Med" fan speed mode is about 18W. Future alternative implementations of the DPTOAVS system may be based on alternative fans with relatively high air flow rate, lower power consumption, and lower cost such as the Thermaltake 20, Model CL-F015-PL20BL-A.
The AlCP-DPTOAVS-BLAR configuration is currently considered to be the preferred implementation. Previously recommended mixed-DPTOAVS with a lower positioned input duct, and the hvac-DPTOAVS configuration were found to be inadequate.
The exact optimum DPTOAVS combination of the intake and evacuation channels has not yet been established for different temperatures. While the introduction of the outside air into the sleeping station has proven to be beneficial, the final multi-duct implementation of DPTOAVS is yet to be established.
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